Scales & Modes

Pentatonic & Blues Scales

Pentatonic scales use only 5 notes, making them the simplest and most universally used scales in music. The blues scale adds one extra "blue note" — the tritone — to the minor pentatonic, giving it the grit and tension of the blues.

Major Pentatonic

The major pentatonic removes the 4th and 7th degrees from the major scale: [0, 2, 4, 7, 9]. By dropping the two notes that form half steps, every remaining note sounds good against every other note. It is nearly impossible to play a "wrong" note. Songs like "My Girl" (The Temptations) and "Amazing Grace" are built entirely on the major pentatonic.

Minor Pentatonic

The minor pentatonic removes the 2nd and 6th degrees from the natural minor scale: [0, 3, 5, 7, 10]. It is the backbone of blues, rock, and most guitar soloing. "Smoke on the Water," "Back in Black," and virtually every blues solo are rooted in the minor pentatonic.

The major and minor pentatonics have a relative relationship: C major pentatonic (C D E G A) contains the exact same notes as A minor pentatonic (A C D E G), just starting from a different root.

The Blues Scale

The blues scale is the minor pentatonic with one extra note: the blue note (a tritone, 6 semitones from the root). Formula: [0, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10]. This single addition creates a chromatic run between the 4th and 5th degrees that captures the tension, grit, and emotional depth of the blues. Musicians typically bend into or slide through the blue note rather than lingering on it.

The blues scale works even over major-key progressions, creating a deliberate clash between the minor 3rd in the melody and the major 3rd in the chords — a sound so characteristic of blues and rock that it defines American popular music.

In ChordColor

All three scales are available in the scale picker. When the blues scale is selected, the blue note appears in its characteristic teal color (tritone), visually distinct from the surrounding lime-green (perfect 4th) and blue (perfect 5th).

Try it in ChordColor →

Keep Learning

The Major Scale
The major scale is the foundation of Western music — the familiar "do re mi fa sol la ti do." It uses 7 of the 12 notes, selected by the pattern whole-whole-half-whole-whole-whole-half (W-W-H-W-W-W-H).
The Minor Scale
The minor scale is the second most important scale in Western music. Where major sounds bright and happy, minor sounds dark and melancholic. Its formula lowers three notes compared to major: the 3rd, 6th, and 7th.
Intervals
An interval is the distance between two notes, measured in semitones. Intervals are the most important concept in music theory — they determine whether a chord sounds happy or sad, and whether a melody feels tense or resolved.
The 7 Diatonic ModesScale Degrees
HomeMusic TheoryStudioSongsAboutPrivacyTermsContact